Theological background to the
Ministry of Healing and Wholeness
Baptism witnesses to God's gift of salvation, in which he gathers people
into the new creation in Jesus Christ. Baptism points to the way in which
God in Jesus Christ is overthrowing an order of life corrupted by sin
and death and bringing to birth a renewed creation, a creation alive with
the healing presence of God's Spirit. Baptism is a sign of individual
and corporate forgiveness and renewal within the life of the baptized.
That life proclaims not only the risen power won by Christ for us in his
resurrection and exaltation, but also our identification as human beings
with the constraints and suffering borne by Christ in his incarnation
and on the cross.
With the incarnation of Jesus, God begins the renewal of our alienated,
weakened and fragmented human condition (Romans 8.3,4). In St Matthew's
Gospel Jesus' baptism expresses his solidarity with us in our weakness
(Matthew 3.14,15) and his healing ministry is seen as the outworking of
the suffering servant who 'took our infirmities and bore our diseases'
(Matthew 8.17). The death and resurrection of Jesus Christ promise both
the judgement of all that is flawed in human life and the recreation of
our humanity.
A powerful biblical image portrays the sufferings of the Messiah, of
the creation, and of God's people, as the birth pains that herald the
new age in which peace and righteousness reign (Luke 12.50; John 16.21;
Romans 8.18-30; Colossians 1.24; Revelation 12). The Christ, the anointed
one, is clothed with the Holy Spirit to bring good news to the afflicted
and to proclaim the day of the Lord's favour (Luke 4.18-21).
It is apparent in Scripture that the physical, emotional, social and
spiritual well-being of human beings are closely interconnected. Christ's
work of reconciliation extends beyond the purely personal and relational
to the social order and the whole creation (cf Colossians 1.15-27). The
Gospels use the term 'healing' both for physical healing and for the broader
salvation that Jesus brings.
A common New Testament term for sickness is 'weakness' (asthenia)
(Luke 5.15; 13.11,12; John 5.5); it carries broad associations of powerlessness
and vulnerability, including human vulnerability in the face of the dominion
of sin and death (Romans 5.6; 8.3).
As Christians face weakness, they receive God's grace, expressed sometimes
in an experience of healing and sometimes through the strength that comes
in the bearing of weakness (2 Corinthians 12.9).
Furthermore, the New Testament also presents us with a picture of Christians
in a running battle with forces of evil that are external to us but bear
heavily upon our lives. Although the principalities and powers (Ephesians
6.12) are not always forces of evil, they can have an impact on the social
and political order; the evil one not only brings temptation but takes
people captive (Gospels, passim); the power of idols enslaves consciences
(1 Corinthians 8); and pagan sacrifices are offered to demons with whom
we must not be participants (1 Corinthians 10). This series of pictures,
while not absolving us from personal responsibility for our actions, also
strongly implies that without the grace of God we are at risk of being
in the grip of an array of forces beyond our powers to resist or break.
Yet there is victory in Christ, and we also learn that, in the final analysis,
'an idol is nothing in the world and there is no God but one' (1 Corinthians
8.4); and that victorious discernment categorizes all forces of spiritual
evil as provisional and counterfeit. Their 'power' lies in their impact
on us, and their 'reality' therefore is shadowy and interim only. But
we nonetheless need deliverance from that power, and the language of healing
and wholeness is entirely appropriate to that process.
Acts of healing in the Gospels are intimately related to the restoring
of individuals to a place of worth within the social order (cf Mark 1.44;
5.15-20; 6.32-34; Luke 13.10-17). 'By his wounds you have been healed'
(1 Peter 2.24) makes powerful links between human pain and vulnerability
and the saving impact of Jesus' own suffering. The same interconnectedness
is present where Scripture speaks of God's image in us to point to the
way human life is marred and threatened by the impact of evil and is restored
by the new creation in Christ (Romans 3.23; 2 Corinthians 3.18; Ephesians
2.13-16).
Healing, reconciliation and restoration are integral to the good news
of Jesus Christ. For this reason prayer for individuals, focused through
laying on of hands or anointing with oil, has a proper place within the
public prayer of the Church. God's gracious activity of healing is to
be seen both as part of the proclaiming of the good news and as an outworking
of the presence of the Spirit in the life of the Church.
Such prayer needs to be sensitive to a number of simplifications or misunderstandings.
It should not imply a simple link between sickness and sin; Jesus himself
warned against the direct association of disability and sin (John 9.3).
The receiving of forgiveness and the act of forgiving others may open
the way to healing and wholeness. Prayer for healing and strengthening
should not involve the rejection of the skills and activity of medicine
which are also part of God's faithfulness to creation (cf Ecclesiasticus
38.9-12; Psalm 147.3). Prayer for healing needs to take seriously the
way in which individual sickness and vulnerability are often the result
of injustice and social oppression. Equally importantly such prayer should
not imply that the restoration of physical wholeness is the only way in
which Christ meets human need. Healing has always to be seen against the
background of the continuing anguish of an alienated world and the hidden
work of the Holy Spirit bringing God's new order to birth. It is a way
of partaking in God's new life that will not be complete until it includes
the whole creation and the destruction of death itself.
- taken from Common Worship: Pastoral Services
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